Construction: June 2011

Thursday, June 30, 2011

GOST 26602.5-2001 Power windows and door. Methods for determining the resistance to wind loads

GOST 14624-84 Wooden doors for industrial buildings. Types, structure and dimensions

GOST 24698-81, wooden exterior doors for residential and public buildings. Types, structure and dimensions

GOST 26601-85 windows and balcony doors for low-rise residential buildings. Types, structure and dimensions

Wednesday, June 29, 2011

GOST 26602.1-99 Blocks window and door. Methods for determining the resistance to heat transfer

GOST R 51242-98 guard design mechanical and electromechanical for door and window openings. Technical requirements and test methods for resistance to the damaging effects

Glass doors

Glass doors give the room its own identity, its uniqueness. The interior gets the original contemporary sound and is becoming more stylish. Elegance, originality, and the inimitable ability to glass doors to fit in any modern interior increasingly attracted the attention of discerning buyers. In Europe, glass interior doors - not a new trend of fashion, and ordinariness. In Russia, this is still just a new trend, reinforced by the fact that our fellow citizens no longer associated with the glass door entrance to the subway entrance or research institutes. Now the glass door is seen as organic and functional detail of the interior. Story all-glass door has been around for decades, taking the top end of constructivism in 20-ies - in those days leading architects around the world covered the search for new and unexpected applications for traditional materials, often ignoring the fact that the level of development industrial technology has not kept pace "flight of thought" and limited the "space fantasy". However, many of the ideas put forward by then have been very successful - year after year, science and industry, accumulating experience, hastening the possibility of full implementation of bold concepts. One of them - make greater use of glass in interior design. Received at the end of XX century the most widespread style of "Hi-Tech" and gave the idea new impetus to the use of glass doors and partitions, not only in commercial buildings and public facilities, but also in the interiors of living quarters.

GOST 475-78 Wooden doors. General specifications

Tuesday, June 28, 2011

GOST 26602.2-99 Blocks window and door. Methods for determination of air and water permeability

GOST 26602.3-99 Blocks window and door. Method for determination of sound insulation

Wooden entrance door

Using wood for manufacturing front door looks very aesthetically pleasing. This is the traditional material for making doors, and despite some shortcomings, it does not go with fashion, on the contrary, a measure of respectability. Wooden doors are characterized by their environmental friendliness, durability and beauty. We should not forget that wood as a building material has excellent sound-proofing characteristics, as well as the tree is enough of the heat. And if there is no increased security requirements at home or apartment, wooden doors decorate your home and give it a unique atmosphere. The wooden door is strong enough, she never rust, which can happen with metal, it is not so heavy. Wooden doors can be decorated, upholster. Making repairs, often pick up one kind of wood for all doors at home, it gives the interior style. Set design wooden entrance doors should include: a threshold, seals and uteppliteli; plinth, the locking mechanism, handle, peephole. All wood exterior doors, regardless of their design, should be addressed to the street outside the panel, made of treated and coated with protective varnish or paint a tree. What would be better quality coating, the longer it will last the door. Wooden doors can be divided into several structures: block doors. Door panels with insulation. Door panel with insulation and metal base. Massive wooden doors - doors are made of homogeneous wood material on the entire thickness of the blade. For the front door of the array used dense woods: Solid oak - it is durable, light yellow or reddish-brown, darkening with time.

The choice of a steel door

In the Russian market represented a huge amount of steel doors of both domestic and foreign production. They differ, first of all, the price - import, usually two to three times more expensive than domestic ones. But, as experts say, is not worth saving. The fact is that supplied from abroad doors are made using modern equipment and latest technology. But our doors to the vast majority of home-going. Obviously, the quality, alas, not in our favor. " However, most imported models are "tied" to the standard size (with each company - they own). Order to produce "custom" doors can take only a few firms, but this door will cost considerably more expensive, and it will have to wait two months to fifteen years. But the domestic door can be custom-made relatively inexpensively and in a short time. Common device unit of domestic and imported steel doors do not differ much from each other. The basis of such doors - a rectangular frame with an internal rib, welded steel profiles. On the frame is welded steel sheets (with one or both sides). Door hinge in a steel box, which reinforces the doorway. Outside the door leatherette stud or decorative panel (the most expensive finish - natural wood). Inside the door can be hollow and may contain soundproofing and heat insulation material. The difference in the "anatomy" of imported and domestic steel doors can only consist of thick steel sheets. We import the door sheets, no thicker than 1.5 mm, while in Russia use steel sheet thickness of 2 - 3 mm.

Doors

Doors to destination divided into external (input and balcony) and the internal shape and size - at odnopolnye, sesquioxides and dvupolnye. Door frames are made of beam cross section 5-6 x 10 cm (stone houses) and 7 x 18 cm (wooden cut homes). In the partitions for interior doors are made of box beam cross section 5-6 x 8-16 cm - depending on the thickness of the walls. For exterior doors are closed boxes with a threshold, the internal doors pose free threshold. On the inner side of the door frame dado depth of 4,6-5,6 cm and a width of 1.2 cm and fastened close up door frames as well as window boxes. Door leaves on a design is divided into frame (framed) and the shield. Framed paintings consist of a harness, intermediaries and filling (panels). P & middle section is made for exterior doors with thickness 4,4-5,4 cm, interior - 2,5-4 cm balcony doors and into the door (in the corridors and hallways) to improve the illumination of the upper panels instead of inserted glass 6 -8 mm in the balcony doors are double glazed inserts. Balcony doors with twin blades and metal doors Fiberglass installed in compliance with the same technology as the windows of similar designs. Door toilets and pantries may have panels of plywood thickness 6-8 mm. Flush doors are collected from the boards in the groove, in the quarter, or by means of grooves with plug-in rack with glue. Boards fix stud from a beam cross section 5,4-4,4 x2, 4 cm of the door leaf is hung on hinges that crashed at a distance of 20 cm from the bottom and top leaf and door handles and locks installed at a height of 100-120 cm from the floor .

Elite doors

Along with the elite housing there and so-called elite doors. Under this concept implies a strong and beautiful multilayered structure that is inserted into the appropriate aperture. According to consumer standards such door shall be sturdy and reliable, have a decent appearance, both inside and outside, it is easy to open (of course, owners), to serve for many years. Today we introduce you to the basic criteria that should guide the choice of the main "guardian" at home. Most of the interior design showrooms and specialty stores offer door both imported and domestically produced. It is believed that the best of the "foreign" comes to us from Italy, Britain, Israel and Germany. If it happens that none of the featured models, you will not meet your needs, you can order a door on an individual project the right type and configuration. It is only important to know what you want. Please note that, according to experts believe, the price of the door - not the determining factor when choosing. The concept of "door" includes the door frame to the profile proper door, porch and clypeus, accessories and fittings. The door above all - a functional thing, its task - protect our home from no petition reviews, as well as the penetration of cold and noise. Provide strength steel frame, ribs, welded to the frame of steel sheets (for GOST their thickness - 2,5 mm). Good door can not be hollow, it must be placed insulation (rock wool, polypropylene or other similar materials).

Iron necessity

Vladimir Mikhailov When in Hollywood movies you see light glazed doors cottages, awakens envy of our paleface brothers. It should be just as comfortable and confident they feel, that would have us so! Alas, the Russian realities are far from the U.S., and our front door - is primarily a barrier, a barrier which does not have to overcome any attacker. If someone does not believe that by installing the front door should be treated more seriously than, let him read the chronicle of a militia. Account hacking holiday homes are a thousand, and thieves often enter through the door. Why not, if the door is put together from ordinary planks? Or put a box that simply squeezed dyuzhim shoulder? We sometimes do not realize is that this way they themselves provoke criminals to commit theft, because most of these thieves - not professional burglars, and banal bums and hooligans who are properly reinforced window and door openings are just too tough. No need to prove that the installation of durable and reliable metal door in a country house - a mandatory thing. You could say it literally iron necessity. If this house will still be equipped with emergency alarm systems or, for example, video surveillance system, even better, but such a system does not cancel the installation of steel doors. Then you can scroll through a long and selflessly film, which depicted the penetration into the house of the attacker, but if he did it quickly and managed to escape, then enjoy a movie you do not deliver.

Thermal insulation of windows and doors

Pre-ups. Unprepared for the winter, ie, non-insulated windows, provide an opportunity through the various leaks to leave home to 2 / 3 of heat released in a house heating devices. To avoid this, first of all, you need to carefully examine all the bindings and check the condition of putty or glazing beads. If the putty is sometimes departs from the bindings, or glass, it must be removed with a spatula, a knife or sharp chisel. All traces of putty should clean off, and bare proolifit folds with a small brush or sticks wrapped with a cloth. After drying proolifki purchased or prepared putty promazyvayut naked folds. If between the bead and glass have a gap, then they are filled with putty and smooth. Glass immediately purified from traces of putty and rub. You can recommend this method of cleaning them. First, a wet cloth or brush moistened with water glass, and a few minutes wipe with a rag. All adhering dust, grit behind easily, without scratching the glass at the same time. Then prepare a chalk whitewash: 2-3 tablespoons of chalk in a glass of water and cover it with glass on both sides. After drying, wipe them dry with a clean cloth, then a soft paper (eg newsprint). Heavily contaminated glass first washed with warm clean water. If the water does not wash off sticky dirt, then apply a soapy water (1 liter of water was dissolved 50 g of soap) or alkaline composition of the washing or caustic soda, which, for example, completely dissolve oil stains. After cleaning, alkaline solution of glass is well washed with water, cover with chalk whitewash and as soon as it dries, rub.

The Iron Guard of comfort and coziness

Vladimir Mikhailov Protection country house should be comprehensive. So that one day you do not have to return to the "beggar's nest, there should be an effective alarm system, CCTV. But do not forget about the means of mechanical protection. Without a solid door and equipped with a security lock, all electronic achievements of humanity may be futile. They are only after the fact tell you about the robbery. Incidentally, to acquire a good door should think and if you plan to insure your home. Yeah, yeah, do not be surprised. Strengthening the mechanical protection, you can save on insurance (or receive a significant discount). In addition, the robbery - a very unpleasant thing: the cost of lost property to you, of course, be reimbursed, but nobody spent the nerves do not compensate. Magic canvas Power armored doors can be made of separate welded together steel sheets or from a single metal sheet, bent into a complex profile. The latter option appears on the market today are increasingly and rightly is in high demand among consumers. Strengthening the mechanical protection of their own home, you can save on insurance, getting a big discount. The use of curved profile, made of steel sheet thickness 1,8-2 mm, lets make a door greater strength with minimal increase in its weight and, furthermore, to establish two contour seal around the perimeter of the door, which improves heat and sound insulation properties of the structure and integrity . In order to improve structural strength from the inside frame of the door leaf reinforcing ribs.

The entrance doors as a piece of furniture

Steel guard your home steel doors in connection with the crime situation ceased to be a symbol of just rich flats and protected institutions. Now, virtually everyone, regardless of the abundance of lessons in the home of "good", wants to ensure his safety, and, hence, peace of mind. About what we choose the steel doors and how to install and will be discussed below. Steel doors are divided into two groups: domestic and imported. They differ primarily at the cost of (imported, of course, more expensive). But savings are not in all things good. The fact is that from abroad bring doors made with modern equipment and latest technology. But our doors are all going to artisanal, "on his knee." However, there is another side to the problem. Most often imported models are "tied" to the typical size (with each company - its). But the domestic steel door can be custom-made (and, by the way, just because it is non-automated production). Well, if people can pick out the appropriate size of the door of the proposed import models. And if not? Then the door can cost a lot more expensive, and it certainly will have to wait up to two months, and sometimes up to six months if the order is exclusive. If you have time and money to spare, you can wait. Otherwise - select domestic. Surely, if you choose the door you are thinking about it, not only as a reliable protection (it certainly), but also as an integral part of the interior. By installing one steel door, do not even want to admit the thought of her shift, but the interior of the house can be changed more than once.

Entrance door

If someone does not believe that by installing the front door should be treated more seriously than, let him read the chronicle of a militia. Account hacking holiday homes are a thousand, and thieves often enter through the door. No need to prove that the installation of durable and reliable metal door in a country house - a mandatory thing. You could say it literally iron necessity. If this house will still be equipped with emergency alarm systems or, for example, video surveillance system, even better, but such a system does not cancel the installation of steel doors. Then you can scroll through a long and selflessly film, which depicted the penetration into the house of the attacker, but if he did it quickly and managed to escape, then enjoy a movie you do not deliver. However, the strength criterion is not unique, yet the door should still protect from the external environment, primarily from the cold. Therefore, it should be insulated. And, of course, necessary to ensure a presentable appearance of the door. Modern holiday homes are usually carefully considered architecturally significant, and the front door is part of an overall design plan. Cloth door with a box of foundation design - is a quality door leaf, in this case steel. This may be a single metal sheet or design, welded from several sheets. Clearly, in the first version of the strength of canvas above, so the doors of this type, as practice shows, sales, consumer preferred. Typically used bent in profile steel sheet thickness 1,8-2 mm.

What a shame to cover up? - Doors

Repair in our apartment, my husband started a long time - even early last summer. At that moment, the prospect of the Spartan way of life for the next few months is not scared. In addition, we felt that we have a major repair ingredients necessary for the "construction of the century" and accelerate the process: money, abundant energy and rich imagination. But the repair was delayed. One of the reasons - a problem to buy non-standard interior plumbing and doors, water-resistant and not amenable to changes in temperature. We have a small apartment. And the rooms are arranged so that no drastic alterations are not available to us. We decided to "distort": to increase the space is not at the expense of demolishing the walls and just mow down the corners in the hallway and the kitchen. And in order to comply with such an unusual semi-circular style throughout the apartment, we hired builders hacked arched interior doorways, and anywhere - in the toilet and bathroom as well. The project was a success - a spacious and beautiful. Guests admired, happy for us and our bright future. But with one remark: "And how now the door will choose?". But we can not take your bare hands: "The company does not bind brooms, order non-standard". And then came the notorious August financial thunder, who famously washed from the land company that manufacture cheap Belarusian arched doors to order (for services that we so hoped). Calling a dozen companies in the production and sale of doors, it became evident that a very cheap and quite affordable (us) wooden doors immediately after inflation into gold and out of reach.

Repair doors and covers

Boxes, trims, parapet boards (sills), air vents, the ebb of time and improper operation of doors and window frames unstuck, crack, warping, rot, etc. In this case, they are not repairable. Doors and covers are manufactured in such a way that the porch they had leaks in widths from 2 to 2.5 mm. It is necessary for further staining. Internal doors never hang close to the floor. Between the door and the floor should be a clearance of at least 10 mm to the door you could put a track or carpet and it would not hurt to open and close doors. Inside the house or apartment is no threshold. It can only be chopped wooden houses. In other houses the lower bar raised above the floor level of 10-15 mm only at the door. For the repair of doors and covers are widely used screws of different sizes. They can be flat, Oval or round head. Their length from 7 to 120 mm, thickness from 1,6 to 10 mm, head diameter of 3 mm to 20 mm. To wrap the screws in slotting head slots (grooves) of different width and depth, which depends on the size of screws. Flat head screws wrap the wood flush with the surface detail. These screws are mainly used for attaching hinges, mortise locks, and some details. Screws Oval and round head can screw tight rim locks, handles, latches and other devices in which the head will not interfere with their work. Should pay attention to the threads of screws (Fig. 1). Acute thread cut into the wood, cutting its fibers, and thus firmly holds the screw. With a blunt screw thread just crushes fibers and thus ill-kept in a timber.

All of the doors

Architects, at all times, have paid special attention to the door, all the architectural styles are not spared their attention and doors, whether Gothic or Art Nouveau. The artistic decision of doors can be traced back the history of architecture and this topic can devote a whole separate issue. Development of new materials and technologies in construction, also avoided the side and doors. Opening doors to the world of conventional design of doors was developed in ancient times. During excavations at Pompeii were found doors are very similar to today, they already had locks and hung them on hinges. In the XVII century in France, came into vogue glazed door (they had a prototype box extend to the floor). These doors are now widely used in public buildings, but only with the use of new materials and technologies: special glass doors not only provide the desired decorative effect, but also to reliably block access to the building uninvited guests, and special solar cells opens the door automatically, or, conversely, necessary, block them. In Denmark, were invented by the door in two halves (for better conservation of heat in the house). Without opening the entire door, through the bottom half, it was possible to produce on the street cats and dogs. In the past century the door with a hydraulic, pneumatic and electric drive. At the same time born folding, sliding and revolving doors. Since then, the ancient tree is a traditional material for the manufacture of door and window frames.

Installation of a steel door

To help protect against extraneous sounds and unwanted guests steel door must be installed correctly. If the installation of the doors will not be conducted in accordance with all rules, even the best quality door, which has excellent performance, has good heat and sound insulation, a door with a durable and reliable lock and key, not serve you for so long, and qualitatively, as you would like . Therefore, when ordering the doors must be handled in a proven company that will perform all work at the proper level. However, for even greater confidence to you, as future owner of a steel door, you should know the basic steps of assembling a steel door. To independently monitor the process. Installing a steel door begins with the correct measurement of the opening. Only this will ensure you that the door that is customized to be a consequence of properly installed. Discrepancy in size up or down may lead to the fact that the door will either be loose in the doorway and will not provide premises must heat and sound insulation, or to the fact that the gap will further expand. This requires special equipment, specific skills, and most importantly - a lot of time. In addition, the negative side effect on quality of installation. After all measurements were made, you have agreed with the manufacturer of the thickness of a steel door, the type of filler and padding, as well as select additional items (lock, handle, peephole, door frames and so on), the company starts to manufacture doors.

Defend the apartment during the summer cottages and vacation

1000 Dverey.RU Summer - a time when people en masse are beginning to get out of town. Country Cottages, holiday vacation place to actively filled people, and residential areas in cities emptied. But some in this time of rest, while others "work" ... Every summer during this period, the number of burglaries increased by 60%. And for the most part, each of these burglaries can be prevented. But the reluctance to perform preventive maintenance systems, protection of property and postponing the problem until recently, until the thunder did not break out, leads to a result which we have. In this article I will try to give general advice, which at times will increase your system locking burglary dwelling. First and foremost, I would like to dispel a few myths in zamochnodvernoy industry. Recently, in Russian cities were extraordinary spread of Chinese metal doors. Very often, the sellers offer them in the guise of Kaliningrad, Polish or European doors, the cost of eight to fifteen thousand. Very beautiful in appearance, with dozens of crossbars, retractable fingers, highlighted with handles and locks that are certified fire resistance, and absolute puleneprobivaemosti burglary with the words of consultants, in fact they represent only an illusion of security. For opening these doors do not need any experience or qualifications, no special tools. But because of the low price and beautiful appearance (a feature of the Chinese manufacture) this product has received an unprecedented spread, allowing Russian people once again go against the saying goes - "free cheese only in a mousetrap." And the greatest evil of these doors in the first place, not in their lowest burglary (some live in cardboard boxes for decades), but their low efficiency.

Defend the apartment during the summer cottages and vacation

Iron necessity

No creaks, no pops

Vladimir Mikhailov Interior doors - regular, we can say mediocre, interior element in a country house, but nevertheless can be a lot of trouble. Remember, if you are comfortable, if a door slams? If she is nasty squeaks? Finally, if it gets jammed and an adjacent room can be reached only some effort? And because the selection and installation of interior doors should be approached very responsibly. By the way, this winter the owners of suburban property are, as ever, feel the urgency of the problem. Of course, if you're constantly living in individual cottages with all modern conveniences and there throughout the winter to maintain normal temperature and humidity, it is no problem, most likely, you will not. But most homeowners still get over the cold season in the "winter quarters" and in his suburban property dropping in March-April, when the first thaw holes. And pulls you to your house, open the front door, then pulls the interior, but it does not in any does not want to open! You take a helper tool, casing, cracking, warping, and although in this battle you go out a winner, alas, the door will be repaired. Meanwhile, at one time was enough for reasonable and without undue haste or go to the acquisition of interior doors or to install them. Not possible that you simply decided to save (or not found the time) on the cover of interior doors painted, and eventually they were filled with plenty of moisture - a house with no heat was! - As expected, straight out. Or, suppose you initially installed the door frames, which got hold somewhere on the occasion, and then started picking them under the door.

Thermal insulation of windows and doors

The entrance doors as a piece of furniture

Open the door

Vitaly Lviv meticulous inspection of the windows and doors determine the amount of work necessary materials and tools for repair. Often, because of the condensate, are deteriorating or any of the elements of a window or door unit. Not to change once the whole door or window assembly, which is associated with tangible costs, they can be repaired, and they still serve you, keeping the heat in the house. Meticulous inspection of the windows and doors determine the amount of work necessary materials and tools for repair. Because of condensation often rots the lower window elements of the block and the top element doors. Defective hollow box section, replacing it with a detail of pine appropriate size, which is glued or nailed, zashpaklevyvaya the joints. If the defect is of considerable size box, replace the entire element (from corner to corner). In choosing items to recover the necessary slots and install the hinges and other fittings. When defects window or door frame it is removed from the opening and replace the new one. Boxes in masonry walls are nailed to the wooden tube and wedges in the frame walls - the uprights. In the gap between the frame and a wooden plug inserted hack saw blade sawing and nail. This reception free of all nails, then remove the box from opening. Nailed to a stud box is more difficult to remove because of its tightly placed. In the joint between the frame and stand clog the ax blade, forming a gap width of 2 ... 3 mm, which pushes hacksaw blade for sawing the nails.

Repair door and window frames

Open the door

And instead of a heart-flaming engine power unit - the heart of a stationary cleaning system. The principle of its work is almost the same as in conventional vacuum cleaners. Corpuz (it can be both plastic and metal, with its color and design of each manufacturer's own) has two openings. Through the first entrance (their mozhetbytdva), the unit sucks in air along with the dust (the fan driven vdey-motor interaction). Then, the air filtration system is cleaned and discharged from the vacuum cleaner through the second outlet. But here the similarities end - usually the size and power of a stationary power unit is much higher than any of his options mobile counterparts. Why? To answer this question, it is necessary to consider the detail of the design. Engine. In stationary vacuum cleaner motor that actuates a vacuum fan, is more powerful than conventional, -1,2-4 kW. He gives power Suction aeroVt 450-870 (aerovatt - estimated value: the product of air flow in a vacuum). In the less powerful systems engine-phase (220), more powerful (2.5 kW and above)-phase (380 V). In the latter case in the body can be installed not one but two electric motors-second runs automatically when connected to an outlet of some cleaning hoses. filtration systems. The most common of these is the cyclone, which spins in a spiral of dusty air drawn into the case. In this case, the heavy dust particles truncated to the walls, where teryayutskorost and settle, and accumulated in sufficient amounts, go down - at the bottom of the bins.

Extraction system

Modern ovens

Oleg Voronin, the stove, by and large, starts kitchen - like a theater with a hanger. Plate in fact - a simple device and at a price affordable to everyone, depending of course on the configuration and use of new technologies. But first things first. From gas to electricity Residents of cities are divided into those who use gas stoves, and for those who are content with electric. And choose one or another energy source will not work. In older homes will definitely gas in the new - electricity. Now all the apartments in the newly surrendered homes equipped only with electric power sources, gas is considered more dangerous, as, however, indicate the periodic case, gas explosions in apartment houses. Ovens are not only a device for cooking, but also an integral part of the interior. All modern ovens are designed in such a way as to ensure the comfort, safety and convenience of use. Faulty installation or operation of gas and electrical appliances may cause damage to human health, lead to unpleasant consequences, and even disaster. Their installation can be trusted to a qualified service technician. Power consumption of large electric ovens than 9 kW, and the current strength - 40 A. Imported gas stoves must be adapted to the work of the Russian trunk gas pipelines. Should take into account the fact that electronic automation is very sensitive to voltage fluctuations and large deviations from the norm can not refuse. Connoisseurs say that food cooked on an open flame, tastier. Products are heated faster and therefore less subject to thermal effects, best preserved of their nutrients and flavor.

The new generation of refrigerators

One of the first innovations was the function No Frost, completely free of owners of refrigerators from tedious manual defrosting. Thawing formed on the inner walls of the refrigerator and freezer frost by the windy way, as it happens as follows. Built-in fan blows the evaporator - the coolest element of the refrigerator. The cooled air enters the chamber on a special air duct channel, so the image in the process of the fridge the moisture freezes on its interior walls, and settles to the evaporator. When you disable the automatic compressors frost, thanks to a small heater, thawing, and the resulting moisture evaporates safely. The second option automatic defrosting is carried out with the help of Frost Free, which operates on a drip type. In such refrigeration evaporator is usually built into the rear wall. Since this portion of the freezer very cold, ice formation occurs only on it. After the automatic shutdown of compressor frost thaws, and the resulting water flows in a drainer to a special tray above the compressor. Due to the high temperature in its zone of operation, the moisture evaporates quickly, and then the whole process begins anew avtorazmorazhivaniya. Mode superzamorazhivaniya This feature allows you to not only freeze large amounts of food at one time, but also to prepare the existing products in the freezer to rise in temperature. In addition, this mode contributes to the rapid freezing, that is, allow the vegetables, berries, mushrooms quickly to pass the "zero" mark.

Refrigerators type of side-by-side

Refrigerators-type side-by-side - is folding units. They were first developed in the U.S. in 50 years of the last century, to meet the broader needs of the average American family, where in addition to adults, there were still at least two children. Such refrigerators freezer on the left and refrigerated department - on the right. It makes no sense to purchase side-by-side, if you inquire into the shop every day, and a supermarket located next door. However, if you have to purchase the products once a week, per family of several people, such models is difficult to find an alternative. In addition, it is an ideal choice for a cottage or private house, where to store all sorts of products, and throughout the year. There are three main types of layouts of large refrigerators (with capacity from 550 to 800 liters): top mount, bottom mount and side-by-side. In refrigerators, top mount freezer compartment located at the top - the classical solution which is familiar to us from childhood, because almost all domestic models had exactly such a response. Arrangement, whereby freezer at the bottom (bottom mount), currently the most popular. In this case, the use of refrigeration (main) office does not have to stoop to reach the bottom shelf. Scheme is the same side-by-side assumes a vertical line separating chambers, and most importantly, increased the volume of each compartment. It was with that unit is associated the concept of "American fridge. Dimensions and layout of traditional refrigerators side-by-side with the depth of available housing from 69 to 76 cm in the width, depending on the manufacturer, can vary from 80 to 120 cm!

Extraction system

Fixed, built-in dust removal system design of the building, an alternative to traditional portable (mobile), vacuum cleaners, consists of a number of components. The central block - a working (power) unit that is itself embedded appliance. may be located on the balcony, basement, garage, pantry or utility room (some manufacturers recommend installing it only in a heated room). This placement in the first place ensures the absence of noise while cleaning. Pnevmorozetki - located in walls or floors endpoints to which are connected tuborochny hose. This is the only element of the system of centralized dust extraction, remaining in sight. mounts in any convenient locations in the room. A required amount is determined so that we can was designed to cover the entire harvest area (taking into account the length of the hose). There are outlet wall and floor. The first are plastic and metal, all sorts of shapes and colors. Their dimensions are about the same as conventional wiring accessories. pnevmorozetki Floor are manufactured exclusively from metal. Pipeline connects business unit located in the premises pnevmorozetkami and air vent valve. In order to create commonly used PVC pipes or polypropylene, a diameter of 42 or 51 mm, connected by a rubber seal or glue. Control Cable - low-current cables installed along the pipeline. Merges are pnevmorozetkah in contact with the power unit: when connected to the first flexible tube is passed through a cable including a central command unit.

Heat without light: infrared heating system a country house

Anna Bondarenko What could be nicer than the feeling of warming sunlight? Only a sense of permanent summer at home! Make it possible at any time, using infrared heating technology. Today's consumers offer a lot of options for heating homes, and the youngest of them - is infrared heating. On what principle it works, and why has become a serious competitor to other heating systems? As the sun began to lay sort out the nature of infrared rays. One of the known infrared emitters is the sun which, at a distance of many millions of miles, warms our earth. Rays of the sun, encountering along the way the surface, are absorbed by it and converted into heat energy. Thus, the propagation of infrared radiation in space is practically no energy losses. The same thing happens in the room: infrared heat, all items are within their actions, and the heat source is everything that surrounds man. In other words, to get a comfortable room temperature, the air is heated it is not necessary. The advantages of infrared heating systems include their cost, which is especially important in connection with the continued growth in electricity prices. Interestingly, if the lower the temperature of the infrared heater a few degrees, the temperature felt by a person remains the same, because the decline will be offset by "radiation" supplement. Thus it is possible to reduce energy consumption and reduce heating costs compared to traditional methods of heating. Decreasing the temperature by just 1 degree gives a 5% saving!

Options for hot water

Andrei Ivanov, a modern house is unthinkable without hot water. If the warm season, the need for heating fades into the background, the need for hot water does not disappear throughout the year. It is difficult to provide a comfortable life if you can not wash dishes, wash and take a shower. It is obvious that in the absence of centralized hot water supply, use special equipment. For this purpose designed water heaters (instantaneous and cumulative), which by the way the installation can be: - self-contained - built into the design of individual boiler heating system. The choice of the modern water heating equipment is wide enough. Pros and cons are of each type, so the task of the user - to find the most acceptable option to refer not only to their own needs, but also taking into account the peculiarities of the infrastructure where they live. You should know that there are certain limitations that affect product selection. Depending on the type of energy source, stand-alone devices for hot water can be electric or run on gas. It is obvious that the installation of gas water heater is most appropriate in the case of connection to the central line (there are models that run on gas balloon, but their operational cost is high enough). If the "blue fuel" is absent, the choice made in favor of electrical equipment. In addition to these critical conditions, there are still a number of factors upon which to some extent will depend on rational choice of water heating equipment.

Kitchen integration

When ordering new kitchen will have to decide which of the appliances should be built and which are free-standing. This question is not only aesthetic but also financial - in fact similar in specifications built model because the same manufacturer is on average 20-30% more expensive. It's not even that built-in appliances - is a luxury item, whose presence is considered a sign of good taste. This is a separate class of devices, having a number of structural differences. Traditional gas and electric refrigerators, washing machines and dishwashers in the variant "solo" dictate some limitations: between them and the furniture needed to leave a gap of 2-3 cm, or vibration from the washing machine can shake furniture and warm from the oven - or deform it even cause a fire. Built-in models have a reasonable degree of hydro-, sound, vibration and insulation are rigidly attached to the furniture and then covered the facades in whole or in part. The vast majority of modern kitchen (with the exception of only the most cost options) involves insertions of at least hob and oven. This is not only beautiful but also practical - in the absence of joints and cracks is much easier to keep clean. If after a few years you may want to update the furniture in the kitchen, built-in appliances can not be changed - its life is usually somewhat longer. High quality equipment is designed for 5 or even 10 years of operation, dust and dirt on it almost does not come - because it is hidden under the sink or facades.

How to choose a home pump for questioning

I do not know how you, dear readers, but for me a trip to the country - a solid offering. And almost all have to sacrifice, what is so accustomed to his cozy apartment in Moscow. Here's the other day just plugged in the country of the microwave oven, as neighbors shouted obscenities good, they say, light them off ... Well, it's okay, it's all small stuff, you can finally, in the country and without miracles of electronics to do ... But the lack of water and sanitation has seriously poisoned existence. Water for watering the garden, and just for domestic use have to pull out of the public well. Benefit is still refreshing source of only five meters away from my site. In the end, the agenda stood the burning question: you need a water pump. The more that a standard 20-foot hose is quite enough to reach the well. "Such questions, my dear Ambassador, with kondachka not be solved" - I recalled the words of Georges Miloslavskogo, a great friend to us the notorious Ivan Vasilyevich. Simply put, you need to know which pump is better to buy. The pumps were found to be different. I would even say - totally different, for a variety of needs. We are with you, of course, interested in domestic pumps. They come in three varieties. Water pumps are suitable for pumping clean water, without any admixture of sand, grass, algae and frogs. By the way, just what I need: and garden watering, and the shower to rinse, wash dishes and drainage pumps are designed for dirty water, mixed with sand, silt, algae, wood chips and other small debris.

GOST R 51125-98 equipment for residential air-conditioning and air purification. Safety requirements and test methods

Steam generator

Steam generator - a device resembling a steam generator in your iron, which allows to clean, close to the chemical, but without using any chemicals. Audit chemistry. In connection with the force of the steam generator steam clean stains on carpets (including coffee, juice, blood, wine), remove chewing gum from all surfaces to clean up the tiles and sanitary ware (who are not familiar with the problem of cleaning the chrome products in the bathroom). The cost of conventional steam generator (usually they are performed in a manner reminiscent of duckling) is about 3000 rubles. We already know that with the help of a pair can be ironed (including vertical), and so this opportunity will depend on the iron. Many of steam that are sold in our stores, already come with irons (I will turn your attention to that many more and an ironing board). Their price is around 300 euros, they can operate as a complete and stand-alone (only steam generator). It is believed that these irons are more careful, but the quality of ironing much higher speed and completely silent - it is several times higher than for all of us familiar. Those devices that are included with the board, cost about 800 euros, but justify their cost due to the fact that the board performs when ironing clothes drying. Steam generator, vacuum cleaner. For all the time met only once, it was the Italian manufacturer. And now, as I said, this model was removed from production. But at least I think that in future we will meet the new models from other manufacturers.

Dispouzery - grinding garbage

Dennis Yashugin In the modern kitchen is practically the whole process of cooking passed on to household appliances. Today, kitchen appliances, not only cooked, fried, glide, cut, crumble products, now they even waste ground. Hardly anyone would argue with the truth that the bin with leftover food - unpleasant component of our cuisine. Now the mill waste, or dispouzer, eliminates the need to store food waste, even briefly. And they will not attract cockroaches and serve as a source of offensive odors. The enemy is waste What kind of animal is - dispouzer? He is an electrical device that is installed directly under the sink and connects through the drain hole with a sewer system. All organic residues and food wastes that fall into dispouzer turn into tiny particles, which together with the water go down the drain. Simply open the cold water tap, and then turn the chopper and dump waste into the drain hole sinks. The principle is simple - food debris fall into the crushing chamber where the centrifugal force (much like in a juicer) and using special jaws are broken into powder. No knives or blades in the device there, so it is quite safe. The most popular models are equipped with reversible system and the cams operate alternately in one or the other side to provide the best shredding. Run the disposer made the switch or, for greater convenience, a special pneumatic device, supplied with some models. The whole process takes only a few seconds and runs almost noiselessly. Originally from Wisconsin, has an interesting history of dispouzera.

Extraction system

Washer / Dryer: Two in one

Washer / dryer from the ordinary, it is distinguished by the additional heating element (PETN). In contrast to PETN, which is located at the bottom of the tank and is used for water heating, the heater serves to heat the air that the fan goes into the tank car on a flat duct. Walking through wet clothes, warm air absorbs moisture. In this case, the uniformity provided by drying is not speed (it is small, about 50 rpm) and the uniform blowing hot air. In addition, as to achieve uniform drying laundry at regular intervals drum changes direction. When drying of laundry in the drum should not exceed 2-2,5 kg, so if you downloaded the washing machine drum is full, five kilograms of washing, then dry it will have in two steps. Each type of tissue requires special conditions not only wash, and drying. So, for example, washing and drying machines, Electrolux is not one but two air TAN: drying cotton work both as drying synthetics - just one of them. Another "original" function machines Electrolux is the system TurboDry, which provides drying washed clothes using hot dry air and condensation of moisture abstracted from clothes in a special condenser, followed by draining of condensate drainage. The drum rotates at the same time reversible, it allows to achieve uniform drying laundry. The drying process is completed the phase of cooling and breaking up that laundry does not get too myatym. Over time, or until dried? Drying clothes can be programmed by time or by residual moisture.

Choosing a vacuum cleaner

Conventional vacuum cleaners are not able to provide perfect cleaning. Part of the dust seeping into the room, and an exhaust stream raises have not yet cleaned the dust, which causes the aggravation of pathological conditions in people with allergies. In addition, the bulky unit has a carry over throughout the house. The solution was built in cleaning systems. Use of such devices can be in a city apartment and a country house or even in the office. The thing is: the heart of an embedded system cleaning - block suction musoronakopitelem set off premises (on the balcony, utility room, closet, etc.). From him around the house quietly pulled a plastic pipe, mounted on the wall, which ends on a pneumatic jack (there may be several). In the socket is inserted a flexible hose having a plurality of nozzles - and the dust is gone. Exhaust air at the same time takes place either outside or in non-residential premises, or directly into the sewer. When such cleaning removes even the most finely dispersed dust. To date, the central vacuum uses several technologies of air purification - through filters of various types, with a "cyclone" or with the use of water. Sometimes a combination of these methods. All of them have their advantages and disadvantages. Vacuum cleaners with filters of various types (tissue, bags, cartridges). Are the most effective filter cartridges. Advantages - high degree of clean air, reliable motor protection. Disadvantages - significant resistance in the suction air filter is dirty, it needs periodic cleaning or replacement.

Test irons

Taisiya Kurbatova iron - one of the most popular home appliances, which helps us every day to look perfect. However, successfully choose a new iron is becoming increasingly difficult: many new brands are too different soles. In addition, each manufacturer calls the new developments in their own way. Many of the settings in the store is difficult to estimate, however unsophisticated consumer is difficult to go to understand the advantages and disadvantages of a particular model. Employees of building portal Stroyka74.ru decided to test the irons. To take into account the interests of different user groups were tested models of different price categories: - Scarlett Andrew (SC-330S) - cost about 500 rubles; - Philips EasyCare (GC 3240) - 2100 rubles; - Braun Freestyle (SI 6595) - 2500 rubles - Bosch sensixx steam generator (TDS 1035) - 2600 rub.; - Philips Azur Precise 4330 (GC 4330) - 2800 rubles; - Tefal Program 8 400 (FV 9240) - 3200 rubles. Scarlett Andrew Philips EasyCare Braun Freestyle Bosch sensixx steam generator Philips Azur Precise 4330 Tefal Program 8400 Comparison of Specifications Specifications Bosch TDS 1035 Braun SI 6595 MN Philips GC 4330 Philips GC 3240 Scarlett SC-330 S Tefal FV9240 Title Sensixx steam generator FreeStyle Azur Precise EasyCare Andrew Program 8 Coverage soles Cera-glissee Saphir Careeza Careeza Stainless Steel Ultragliss Turbo Auto + + + - - + Vertical steam + + + + + + Features steam generator with pump, residual heat indicator soles, the capacity for 350 ml of water, built-in cartridge to protect against scale, sensor protection against leaks, hinging cable 360 ??°, grip Soft-touch three active zones steam nozzle Textile Protector for delicate fabrics Steam tip Steam Tip, rubberized handle, water tank with 350 ml, a groove for the buttons across the bottom of water tank is 300 ml, the steam nozzle Steam Tip steam into the folds of steam blow "rubberised grip, ball mount cord location build Europe Spain United Kingdom France Singapore Singapore Power (W) 2400.0 1900.0 2400.0 2300.0 2200.0 2400.0 Use without Cord - - - - - - Regulation pair + + + + + + Standing pairs (r / min) 40.0 30.0 40.0 35.0 40.0 --- Steam impact (g / min) 100.0 95.0 100.0 95.0 --- 100.0 Function "drop-stop" + + + + + + Descaling Anti-calc system Anti Calc System Automatic Anti-Calc Double Active Calc System Self-cleaning Anti-Calc Plus + self-cleaning water spray + + + + + + Detachable - - - - - - Color White White with golden with Blue White with Blue White with Pink White with Blue White with Blue Height (cm) 15.6 14.0 15.0 15.0 30.2 15.0 Width (cm) 13.0 12.0 12.0 11.6 12.5 13.0 Depth (cm) 30.0 28.5 30.0 29.0 13.5 31.5 Weight (kg) 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 kit.

Saturday, June 18, 2011

Hand Dryers: advantages and disadvantages

The presence of electric dryers became relevant in the restrooms, all, including the fashionable public schools. Using high-quality sanitary equipment will always tell the guests and customers facilities to the high level of service. Electric hand dryers for over 50 years, regularly serve in various mass locations: cafes, restaurants, banks, corporate offices, hotels, train stations and airports. Appointment of hand dryers Electric dryer for years of continuous innovation and the search of new technologies have become stylish and safe, ideal for every sanitary environment. Dryers exquisitely look in any interior space. They are designed to provide quick, hygienic and virtually noise-free drying of hands. Robust and stylish, hand dryers have become a great alternative to paper towels anywhere requires a fast and comfortable drying hands. With dryers can all forget about the complete waste baskets used paper towels and bathroom will always remain clean and pleasing to the eye of its cleanliness. Hand dryers are designed to not only save time but also minimize the cost, because the cost to install them quickly pay for themselves by eliminating the need for constant purchasing towels, baskets and disposal costs. Thanks to high-tech engines virtually any electric hand dryer at a sufficiently high power consumption is not much electricity. Installation of the device is facilitated in those devices that are equipped with special mounting strap, allowing for an installation without removing body.

Hoover

Hoover - goods appliances, which have virtually everyone. Cleaner Vacuum Cleaner Vacuum Cleaner only at first sight solves all the problems of housewives. The reality is much more complicated. Using the function of moistening the carpet, you should ensure that it is completely dried, but this can not practically none of the cleaners on the Russian market. Usually, after harvesting, more than 30% moisture remains in the carpet, which then translates into the fact that the carpet infest germs and bacteria. Another nuance. We trust the advertising of chemistry for cleaning, but missing one thing. After each harvest any chemistry needed to produce neutralizing normal water. Imagine how much moisture is in your carpet. That is why many become regular dry vacuum cleaner and cleaning involve cleaning companies. Power Vacuum Cleaners Advertising, as well as information on the price list with a brief description of the product in stores extols their power. We look at it all and what we do? Of course, we choose the most powerful vacuum cleaner. 2000 W has little need to take 2500 ... In fact, this power only characterizes the power consumption, which, no matter how it was ironic, does not affect the main factor in the vacuum - suction power. Power consumption - this is actually how much you pay for electricity at a time when the appliance is turned on. Professional equipment, for example, is arranged in such a way as to consume as little energy and still provide maximum results (most professional cleaners from different manufacturers has the power consumption of the order of 1000-1200 W).

SNIP 3.05.01-85 Internal sanitary systems

Friday, June 17, 2011

SanPiN 2.1.6.575-96. Hygienic requirements for the protection of atmospheric air of populated areas. Sanitary rules and norms

SNIP 2.04.05-91 * Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

SNIP 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

Thursday, June 16, 2011

SNIP 41-01-2003 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

SNIP 2.04.05-91 * Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

Wednesday, June 15, 2011

The unique atmosphere of home theater

Most widely used as sources of sound in home theater today received a DVD-players - the sound of a DVD has up to six channels. The video signal is a standard TV or VHS-player, of course, can be used in home theater, but that brings the sound. Stereo quality is not enough: there are only two channels. In the future we can expect a boom high-definition video - HD {High Definition). While the conventional TV picture format is PAL or SECAM resolution 720h576r, HDTV demonstrates the program with a resolution up to 1920 1080, that is such an image is 5 times more detailed and precise. On the market for satellite broadcasters appeared HDTV, for example, "NTV-Plus. Companies Toshiba, Sony (both - Japan), Philips (Netherlands), Samsung (Korea) presented the first devices to play high definition video. On special media released a few dozen movies. While the war continues the two competing formats: HD DVD discs can hold 1 B GB of data, record players for them cost $ 500; discs Blu-Ray - up to 25 GB (although each can be written only a two-hour video with the highest quality HDTV), but players for them are more expensive, at $ 960. And recently, the company LG (Korea) has released model VN1OO - this is the first hybrid player, working with carriers of both formats (the price is $ 1.2 million). The image is printed on an ordinary or a special projection TV or projected on the screen using a special device - the projector. TVs come in CRT (CRT), liquid crystal (LCD), plasma (PDP). Device with a diagonal of more than 20 inches usually have a 16:9 screen, which corresponds to the standard aspect ratio of most DVD-movies.

Dispouzery - grinding garbage

Dishwashers

Washing dishes is 12-15% of the total time spent on homework, to exercise it is similar to laundry. Finally after all the world and in Russia there were dishwashers Dimensions Conditionally dishwashers are divided into three groups: Normal - 12 place settings - have the same dimensions as the washing machine (height 80 cm, width and depth of about 60 cm). Units - for 7-9 sets - it is narrow (height 80 cm, width 45 and depth 60 cm). Compact typically contain 4 sets (50, 56 and 60 cm). For service of 2 people fairly compact machine. Family of 4 easy to use narrow. If more households, it is better to buy an ordinary car. Features of operation According to specialists, washing dishes - one of the most challenging operatsiy.Posle use the same plate, forks, spoons and mugs irrational run a full program of cleaning. It is better to collect as many dirty dishes that she has filled at least half (in extreme cases - one-third) of the machine, and only then run it in full. To use this household appliances more efficiently, you must: - have a spare dish (as well as spare clothes using the washing machine) - each batch of small number of dishes, which will build up to full load, it is advisable to wash the program pre-wash. Otherwise, the mud can dry out and clean up it will be difficult. After complete filling of the machine should include the necessary program (depending on the contamination of liquid). Some machines have a half load function, such as washing dishes at the top of the basket.

Test-drive a food processor

Natalie Red food processor first appeared in 1940. Naturally, this "antique" unit was very cumbersome and noisy, but could grate vegetables, squeeze the juice from citrus fruit, the kit also included a device for cutting noodles, a blender to grind food, and mashing, kneading. Today the market of household appliances offers a huge selection of food processor, but choose the right is very difficult. Person from buying a food processor stops by several factors: the price, complexity of use (large instruction set of nozzles, etc.), bulky (need to allocate a separate place), etc. In modern units, all these problems have been solved: the prices are available, models are more compact, understandable instructions, the tool, there are special boxes (under the body or directly in it). Risk factor for injury was reduced to a minimum - the nozzle in a food processor last generation can not supply is not as it should - combine just not turn on. The main thing - to choose the model that would be helpful is for a specific buyer, and then the food processor will give a lot of good minutes of time saved, a sense of confidence from the management of modern technology, and will be pleasing to the eye-catching design. Test Drive: On the shelf of one of the shops have attracted the attention of three models: Moulinex Odacio 3, Bosch PowerMixx MCM 5380, Kenwood FP 693. Each combines a large bowl with a knife-impeller for chopping food, graters, slicers, juicers, blender and mill, the capacity of the bowl about the same.

Modern ovens

SNIP 2.04.05-91 * Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

Choosing a coffee maker

Choosing a coffee, we classify the basic methods for preparing organic coffee. One that is brewed on a stove in the Turks or Cezve - coffee "in Turkish." The problem is not only and not so much that the coffee ran to the plate, which will have as ezheutrenney gym clean, and that the favorite flavor of the drink by boiling varies greatly, and not for the better. Coffee "American" is brewed in an inexpensive filter or drip coffee maker. Technologically, this process looks like this: through the filter, which is covered with ground corn, is hot water, dripping in a pot of coffee as a finished beverage. These coffee machines are easy to use. But the quality of the drink will not satisfy the discerning palate. Many people cook "American" is much easier, brewing ground coffee with boiling water directly into the cup. They say the effect is the same as using the filter coffee machines. But we must not forget about the filters because they are - an integral part of the drip coffee maker. Filters are disposable paper and then discarded the spent coffee together with a paper bag. There are nylon, in this case, the filter should be cleaned regularly and change after a certain period of time. Also there are the so-called "golden" - nylon coated titanium nitride. This coating extends the life of the filter. But anyway, sooner or later have to buy new filters. Espresso coffee makers are preparing to carob, as well as in automatic espresso machine. There are coffee machines, where the vapor pressure of only 4 bar.

Monday, June 13, 2011

SNIP 3.05.01-85 Internal sanitary systems

Construction of ventilated facades

Sooner or later, the house starts to crumble. The first old facade: it is said the builders start - there are rough spots, and then crack. Gradually falls off facing, and if no urgent action is taken, the house will spread across the seams - from the front ... Why is destroyed? The first enemy at home - water. From school, we know that water soaks into all porous. Including in the sand and cement. And in the winter cold water that has penetrated the wall cracks and joints freezes, increases in volume and year after year, expanding the cracks. In the spring the ice melts, the moisture accumulates on the walls, into a mold, and thrive on the wall of fungi and other microorganisms ... Not less than water, annoying facade winds. Complete the picture of the differences in our weather - then 30, then -25 ° C: and the facade is literally something in the heat, then shivering: Another nuisance: the thermal load on the wall in the summer. True, the maximum load is when the temperature regularly rises to +35-40 ° C. The walls are heated, under the influence of so-called thermal shocks rock collapses and becomes thinner. In short, illness in front of the building has more than enough, and if so - they should be treated: Better yet - do to prevent them. How to keep house? There are several ways to protect the facade. For example, you can use a traditional plaster. Help, but not for long - about a year. Water gradually make their own, breeze to add - and plaster gradually osypletsya. In addition, the dirt, dust and exhaust fumes of cars literally eats into the plaster and clean up front - difficult and expensive: You can oblitsevat facade tiles - ceramic or marble, planting it, for example, the dry adhesive.

Air distribution

Diffuser - a device through which air enters from the inlet duct into the room. In the ventilation air diffusers shall issue such a way that would conform to the aesthetic requirements that predyavlyayutsya to the premises. On a design diffusers and devices vozduhoudaleniya quite varied: 1. Vents, 2. Diffusers (diffusers), 3. Perforated panel 4. Slot air diffusers, 5. Nozzle air, etc. According to the geometric shape of the jet, served air diffusers can be: compact jets are formed with the release of air from the cylindrical tubes, round and rectangular holes. Flat jet formed at the end of the air gap channels air curtains, active air distribution, rectangular, elongated holes. Fan jet formed in the distribution of air through the nozzle with a flat disc, installed across the flow. Incomplete fan jets are formed with the release of air through the lattice with divergent at a certain angle blades. This jet is gradually transformed into a compact jet. Conical jet (a kind of fan) can be created with the release of air through a nozzle with a cone or a ceiling diffusers in them flat reflective disc. Grille grille can supply and exhaust, regulated and unregulated, round, square, rectangular, metal or plastic, different colors and sizes, with the direction of air in one, two, three or four sides. There are special grating designed for operation in humid and corrosive environments. Depending on the design grid to create compact, flat, single-fan, or other types of jets. As a rule, the lattice as inlet and exhaust systems are installed on the walls above the serviced area.

What is a reliable air conditioning?

Buying air conditioner, we first want to get a reliable technique that will last a long time and will work properly during the entire period of operation. Many consumers believe that by buying the air conditioner is more or less well-known brands, they automatically provide his carefree and comfortable existence for a long time, but it's not quite true. Air-conditioning is not a technique class plug and play (plugged in - works), so its reliability is largely dependent on such things as proper equipment selection, quality installation, regular maintenance. So, in order. Before you sell you air conditioning, a specialist expects its power when working on refrigeration. Conditioner has to cope with all the volume coming into the room warmer - the sun, people, appliances, etc. For this specialist must visit the premises of the air conditioner installed. If you immediately offer any model or name the exact price of equipment - is reason to doubt the professionalism of the vendor. This kind of one-day often becomes imaginary discount due to sale of consumer air conditioner, power is insufficient for the room. The result is disastrous - the buyer's money is actually wasted. Air conditioner will work hard and still do not provide comfort. No less important point - the quality setting the air conditioner. Statistics show that 80% of breakdowns are the consequence of non-professional installation. Setting the air conditioner requires highly skilled installers and have much experience with it climatic equipment, as well as the availability of special expensive tools.

Domestic air conditioners

AC market is one of the fastest growing, and not casual interest in it and experienced players and newcomers to the industry. If you want to have air conditioning, which does not look like everyone else, then you just need a conditioner Artcool family from LG. Do you have the opportunity to have air conditioning, which looks fashionable, modern and attractive. Air Conditioning Artcool has all the basic functions including air purification systems Neo Plasma Plus, SHEATHING exchanger Gold Fin, and a unique feature - automatic cleaning of the indoor unit. For small premises, such as a bedroom or office, model Artcool Mirror is a worthy substitute for conventional air conditioners appearance. Conditioners ArtCool model Frame with new transparent framework allows customers to insert their own photographs and reproductions. Now you can insert your family photos, children's drawings and any other pictures, just lifting frame. Thus, each user can change the appearance of the air conditioner according to your taste. Plus the data is the presence of air conditioning louvers, through which the ends of the indoor unit, cold air, not only from the bottom, but on the side of the block. Because of this you do not catch cold when the indoor unit hanging over your bed or chair: the flow is not directed at you, and to the sides. Sterilization and again sterilization Avian flu is sweeping the planet! In terms of infectious threats leading manufacturers of air conditioners provide them with additional means of sterilizing air.

Hand Dryers: advantages and disadvantages

How to choose the air conditioner?

Air Conditioner - a device which in addition to the traditional cooling air in the room is also used for heating in cold weather, ventilation, drainage, and additional purification of air through the built-in or optional filter is installed. Modern manufacturers offer consumers many varieties and models of air conditioners: from small mobile devices for small rooms to entire systems for large trading floors. The main way to control the temperature in the room - is to install air conditioning. Invented this naipolezneyshaya car was in the early 20 th century in the United States. Father of all air conditioners became the inventor Willis Carrier, who built a refrigeration machine for the printing plant in Brooklyn, New York, though she had intended to fight the humidity. And already in 1924 in Detroit had the first system is for cooling the air in one of the stores. What kind of air-conditioners exist and what is better? 1. Mobile air conditioning - is a conditioner that is installed in the room, bringing a special corrugated hose out the window, door, ventilator or ventilation shaft. Mobile air conditioner takes the air out of the room and divides into two streams: the hot and cold. Hot is removed from the premises through flexible tubing, and the cold stays in the room. Sometimes, mobile air conditioners are equipped with filters, purifying the air of dust, and a built-ionizer. Portable air-conditioners on the market products of companies DELONGHI, King-Post, AIRWELL, ELECTRA, TOSHIBA.

Exhaust system

To your house ventilated, good builders have provided exhaust air grille located in the kitchen, bathroom and latrine. However, over time, such a system cluttered with dust, debris, matted poplar fluff, pigeon feathers and droppings. Situation can be corrected if the air to drive by a fan. In this case, normal ventilation is sufficient, even remaining in the duct lumen. In order to understand how cluttered the ventilation system in your home and what fans want, it is enough to bring a candle outlet in the kitchen, toilet and bathroom. If the flame is deflected in the direction of the lattice, hence, the thrust is and can do simple fan. If the candle does not react to the proximity of air vent need to "centrifugal" fan, which creates a higher pressure. It is worth the pleasure two or three times, but if the duct thoroughly beaten all good things, the standard "axial" fan just does not help. However, the other extreme, too harmful. If you organize a very intense beam, exhaust lattice neighbors on top turn in the supply, and through them you will also receive a spoiled air entraining years kopivshuyusya in the ventilation system dust. Even if the neighbors you do not care, do not forget that they too can make you "podlyanku. For example, plug into the duct vents below its old quilted jacket. In this case, your ventilation system is just a "choke" or start pumping air from the bottom to neighbors (if they have no glass). In every apartment has at least three places where the presence of the fan will not be superfluous.

Saturday, June 11, 2011

GOST R 51625-2000 Equipment Industrial Gas using. Heaters mixing. General technical requirements

Happiness and the horrors of air conditioning

Interview with Prof. YD Provincial all started that day at the show one very distinguished representative of the world-famous company, which manufactures air conditioners, expressed surprise mores of Russian buyers. In our air-conditioners - he says - are biofilters. The term of their work - 3 months. After that, we can not guarantee that the consumer will be protected from exposure to pathogenic bacteria, which readily proliferate in the moist coolness of the air-conditioning innards. However, - he wondered - even after several years of deafening in terms of sales, none of the dealers had not ordered any filter! Although the firm, as they say, warned Hearing that, we too were surprised and rushed to the dealer for clarification. Explained to us as follows: The Russian perceive air conditioning as a "closed" and does not need to maintain the subject. When, after three months of operation, the instrument illuminates a red light, indicating that it is time to change the filter, the Russian simply presses a button and the light bulb goes off. For another three months. And so on ... While no one complained. Or maybe you can not really change that most filter? - We thought. - He's worth it, taint, $ 20-30. Why spend the extra money? You never know what is written in the instructions! But the worm of doubt remained. And to clarify the sanitary features of the air conditioner, our correspondent Andrey asked the professor, MD, Head of the Laboratory of Integrated Ecological and hygienic evaluation of residential and public buildings Yuri Dmitrievich provincial.

Buy Air Conditioning and live peacefully

Interview with Prof. YD Provincial "I beg you, Mercutio, go away: the day is hot, the Capulets wander everywhere; rings meet, not avoid us quarrel. In the heat rages is always stronger than blood, "William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet" is funny, but recent research of psychologists and criminologists fully confirm the words of the great classics. According to the summary of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the peak of violent crime falls on the hot summer months. It is not by chance came the expression " ablaze with anger, "said heatedly," but about the out-of-yourself people usually say that he was "overheated" Is it because Americans are pragmatic and cunning as the Japanese care about their comfort, equipped with residential and industrial premises air-conditioned? apparently prefer to pay for the nice cool than to disentangle family and professional conflicts. Judging from the dynamics of selling HVAC equipment in our country, the Russians agree with this completely. So the main problem is that the air conditioner did not become a source of scandal and hassle. Unfortunately, it happens sometimes. Purchases man technique known firm, but for some reason it does not perform its duties, or for no reason at all breaks down, not having worked for a year. What is the reason? The answer is simple. In contrast to the refrigerator or television, the purchase of which deal exclusively for your taste , air conditioning is necessary to choose based on the specific environment in which it will work.

Weather in the house

Anna Bondarenko "are most important - the weather in the house" - sung in the famous song. Let's talk about the climate in a country house. And not in a figurative, but in fact that neither is a true sense of the word. Modern suburban houses are becoming increasingly tight: windows, quality doors, sealing interpanel joints - all this leads to the need for artificially creating the required indoor climate. This problem is not solved through open windows or switching on. Need installation of modern climate control systems. In its most general form can be divided into two large groups. The first - air conditioners (the so-called split systems) which are cooled, dried, heated and filtered air. The second component - the ventilation system to remove moist and polluted air from the room and serve in his stead filtered and heated outdoor air. Adjust the heat most common in country houses were split-system. This is a common name air conditioners, which consist of two separate blocks (split in translation from English - Separate). External unit (condensing unit) is located in front of the building. It can be wall, roof and balcony. Indoor unit (evaporator) is installed in the room itself. He maintains the desired temperature of air, distributes it around the room and runs almost noiselessly. Between the blocks are connected with electric wire and copper tubes in which circulates freon. Since the compressor is outside, in an external unit, the noise level in residential split-systems in the 8-12 times lower than that of air conditioners with combined condensing and evaporator units.

How long?

An introduction to the benefits of civilization - a tortuous process. In the famous novel by Herman Melville's "Moby Dick" withdrawn character who got on the whaling ship directly from one of the Polynesian islands. This good-natured savage every effort to accept the manners and customs of large white brothers. In particular, the norms of decency. True, it turned out he had a very peculiar way. For example, waking up in the morning, he walked naked for long periods, but when required to wear a hat, crawled under the bed to do it in a secluded retreat. The writer talked about it this way: "He was a civilized exactly so that all possible ways to flaunt their savagery." Observing life and customs in Russia today, sometimes you wonder how much in common we have with this lovely man-eater. Take, for example, air-conditioning. For a long time, this important and necessary instrument existed only in the Oral tradition. It is an essential attribute of a distant and mysterious life in which people go in jeans, chewing gum and singing rock 'n' roll. The world has turned. And soon we stopped going to the denim suits for banquets and darn plastic bags, and started doing renovation and install air conditioners. In the cold just wonder how we are still without it. And not only ordinary citizens, without exception. Watching TV reports of the meetings in some of the provincial regional, immediately notices that the authorities are actively sweating and fans papers of national importance.

How to choose the air conditioner?

The climate on the reservation. Review of air conditioning systems

Fashion fitted with air-conditioned cottages came to us recently. Prior to that, it was thought that the climate technology is intended primarily for industrial facilities, shopping and cultural venues, as well as for hotels that accept foreign tourists. Even at the state summer residences of the USSR leaders climatic systems applied only in exceptional cases. Meanwhile in America, and later in the industrialized countries of Europe and Asia conditioning houses has become quite commonplace already in the seventies of last century. In the mansions of the New World were installed window air conditioners and central air-conditioning system-type chiller - fenkoyl and install with variable volume and temperature of air supplied to the premises. In Japan and Korea, and later in other countries are widely used split-and multi-system. Well, with the early eighties from the land of the rising sun on the world market began to arrive, and powerful energy-efficient installation of central air-conditioning comfort type VRV. Today, comfort requirements imposed on the owners of country cottages, meet Western standards. However, most Russians do not have a holistic view of modern air conditioning systems. The right choice for maintaining the ideal comfort in homes cleaned of mineral and organic dust, and deodorized air should contain about 21% oxygen and not more than 0,3% carbon dioxide. Its temperature is between 20-24 ° C, relative humidity - 50-60%, and the mobility of the air mass - 0,1-0,15 m / sec.

Air conditioners are getting smarter

Few people know that the first room air conditioner has been released by General Electric in 1929. As the refrigerant in the device used ammonia, which the pair are not safe for human health. For this reason, the air conditioner compressor and condenser were made on the street. But this means that the proposed device has been most of this split-system! It is true, then the development of climate technology has gone a different direction and the air conditioner, which consists of two blocks, remember only 30 years old, but already in Japan. In 1961, Toshiba launched its first mass production system consisting of two units: the external and internal. In the same season the company Sanyo "taught" split-system to work not only on a cold, but also to heat. It was then stuck behind them and their current name (from the English "to split" - to divide, to split). Only now the designers carried the compressor on the street is not for security reasons and to reduce noise in the room. And indeed, it is possible to reduce it in one fell swoop by 6-9 dB (A), in human perception means 4-8 times! Suddenly opened, and another advantage - the freedom in choosing a site for the indoor unit. Now the room air conditioner rid of hard pegs to the window opening. Internal blocks of modern split systems can be mounted on a wall, ceiling, floor, and even hide behind a false ceiling. However, the most widely used air conditioners wall mounting. Compactness, lower compared with other types of cost and ease of installation have led to what exactly they account for the lion's share of sales, especially in homes and small offices.

Confessions of a deceived buyer

Message: Everything started fine. New apartment, repair, and, naturally, I wanted a good climate during his lifetime. Digging in the newspapers and make a few calls, made sure that the price of a good technique about the same, but that's the cost of installation is quite different. In numbers, this difference ranged from 20% of equipment cost (about $ 300) to, quote: "... installation is free and is included in the cost of equipment ..." And here's what I caught ... Like many, I figured that the air conditioner refers to household appliances and its connection is not anything complex. A large sum of money taken is not the case, threatening that otherwise would deprive the warranty. And this despite the fact that "cheap" companies also give a guarantee. True, put conditioner for free I was frightened and chose the middle - the one firm where installation in terms of cu was 50 units. Come some guys are gouging the walls, so I had my maintenance staff on new plaster and wallpaper glue. But most importantly, that these figures made me think of them as connected to the electric power supply, to take the drainage, which hang outside blocks, although I need to know only one thing - how much should I pay! As a result, lost a full two days, deciding this unfortunate problem by installing air-conditioners. However, after that I began to understand the installation is not worse than average adjuster, so that I can tell you many of the subtleties that you missed, as I do.

Maintenance of air conditioners

For what would your air conditioner worked for him for their full term, on average, from 7 to 12 years depending on the class of air-conditioner, you need not so much ... In periodicals regularly publish articles telling about how to choose the right conditioner. Thanks to them, the readers an opportunity to objectively evaluate the merits and demerits of different models and make a purchase, which will not have to regret. In most cases, buying and installing an air conditioner, it started to use the same way as any other household appliances - TV, iron or vacuum cleaner, acting on the principle: let him work until the break. On the same TV or vacuum cleaner, this principle justifies itself - until the first failure may take more than one year (qualitative technique may well work out without repairs 5:7 years). However, for the most common type of air conditioner - split systems - such exploitation is likely to lead to serious damage in 2 .. 3 years. This feature is inherent in a low-cost models - LG, SAMSUNG, and the elite - DIKIN, FUJITSU. The difference between them is that the more expensive models tend to have more degrees of protection against improper use, and such air conditioners simply "refuse to" turn on, even with a slight deviation from normal operation. To understand why such a "capricious" split-systems are considered in general terms, their internal structure. Any split-system consists of two units - the outer, which contains the compressor, fan and radiator (called a condenser) and internal, which are the same fan and heatsink (called the evaporator).

Central air conditioning system

Called central air conditioning system serving a few or one large room. Various types of central air conditioners: the type PACKAGED, sectional, self-contained, multizone central air-conditioning. Consider some of them. PACKAGED type air conditioners air conditioning systems such as PACKAGED from the indoor unit cabinet type (sometimes called columns) are used to treat the air in large rooms (concert and conference rooms, shops, restaurants, manufacturing facilities, computer rooms, waiting rooms, ticket halls). By way of feeding the treated air installation of this type are divided into air-conditioning, feeding processed air pressure in the ducts of the ventilation system and air conditioning, feeding processed air directly into the amount of serviced premises. Multizone central air-conditioning in the early 80-ies a number of leading in the field of air conditioning companies (Daikin. HITACHI. Mitsubishi Electric, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Matsushita (Panasonic / National), and others) have developed a new product in a comfortable air-conditioning - the so-called system Variable refrigerant flow (VRF), or multizone system successfully combines the advantages of autonomous local and central air conditioning systems. Treatment of air in the room is served by the indoor unit, similar in technical capabilities and consumer qualities of the indoor unit of household or a semi-split systems. Group of indoor units (various types and capacities) is attached to the outdoor unit system of insulated copper piping.

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